The ICMR said on Wednesday that estimates indicate 56.4% of India's overall disease burden is caused by poor dietary practices. The guidelines aim to meet critical nutrient requirements and avoid non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like obesity and diabetes.
According to the leading health research organization, the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN), physical exercise, and a nutritious diet can prevent up to 80% of type 2 diabetes and a significant percentage of hypertension and coronary heart disease (CHD and HTN).
"A healthy lifestyle can prevent a significant portion of premature deaths," the statement read.
It went on to say that the rise in highly processed foods high in sugar and fat, along with decreased physical activity and restricted access to a variety of foods, exacerbates micronutrient deficiencies and overweight problems.
The NIN advised reducing salt intake, using fats and oils lightly, exercising appropriately, and consuming less sweets and highly processed meals.
In order to avoid obesity, it was also advised to have a healthy lifestyle and read food labels to make educated and nutritious eating decisions.
A multidisciplinary expert team headed by Dr. Hemalatha R, Director, ICMR-NIN, established the Dietary Guidelines for Indians (DGIs), which have now passed many scientific reviews.
The DGI has a list of seventeen guidelines.
"We emphasize through the DGIs that ensuring the availability, accessibility, and affordability of nutrient-rich foods while boosting intake of diversified foods is the most sensible, long-term, and sustainable response to all types of malnutrition. The guidelines include information based on scientific data that would help achieve the objectives outlined in the National Nutrition Policy.Dr. Hemalatha R, Director, ICMR-NIN
Indian eating habits have changed significantly over the past few decades, increasing the prevalence of non-communicable diseases while some undernutrition issues still exist,said Dr Rajiv Bahl, Director General, ICMR.
I'm happy to see that these recommendations have been updated to reflect the evolving food scenario in India with addition to actionable advice on managing food safety, selecting minimally processed foods, emphasizing the value of food labels, and engaging in physical activity. These will undoubtedly support government initiatives to advance the general health and nutrition of the population.Dr. Rajiv Bahl, Director General of the ICMR
Regarding non-communicable diseases, the NIN reported that elevated triglycerides affect 34% of children aged 5 to 9 years.
A balanced diet should consist of no more than 45% of calories from cereals and millets and no more than 15% from meat, beans, and pulses. According to the standards, the remaining calories should come from fruits, vegetables, nuts, and milk.
According to the NIN, a significant proportion of the Indian population heavily relies on cereals due to the scarcity and high cost of meat and pulses, which results in inadequate consumption of critical macronutrients (essential fatty acids and necessary amino acids) and micronutrients.
It stated that a diet deficient in vital nutrients can interfere with metabolism, raising the risk of insulin resistance and related illnesses from an early age.
(Input from various sources)
(Rehash/Priyanka Pandey/MSM)