The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and Biotechnology Research and Innovation Council (BRIC) have introduced the ‘One Day One Genome’ initiative to emphasize the rich microbial potential of India. The announcement was made by Shri Amitabh Kant, India’s G-20 Sherpa and former CEO of NITI Aayog, during the first foundation day of BRIC, held at the National Institute of Immunology (NII) in New Delhi on November 9, 2024.
This initiative is aimed at highlighting the unique bacterial species found within India, focusing on their critical contributions to the environment, agriculture, and human health. Microorganisms play essential roles in maintaining ecological balance. They contribute significantly to biogeochemical cycles, soil formation, organic waste degradation, and the detoxification of pollutants. These organisms also assist in methane production and help maintain the planet’s homeostasis.
In agriculture, microorganisms are indispensable for nutrient cycling, nitrogen fixation, and maintaining soil fertility. They also play roles in pest and weed control, as well as stress management in crops. Through symbiotic relationships with plants, these microorganisms enhance nutrient and water uptake, ensuring agricultural productivity. Within the human body, microbial cells vastly outnumber human cells, underscoring their importance in digestion, immunity, and even mental health. While pathogenic microorganisms cause diseases, non-pathogenic microbes are vital for defending the body against infections.
The Role of Genome Sequencing
The initiative’s primary goal is to sequence and release fully annotated bacterial genomes from India, making them freely accessible to the public. Genome sequencing offers the opportunity to uncover the hidden potential of the microbial world. The analysis of sequencing data enables the identification of genome-encoded capacities, including the production of essential enzymes, bioactive compounds, and mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance.
Research stemming from this data is expected to enhance environmental management, advance agricultural techniques, and improve human health outcomes. This initiative is being coordinated by the BRIC-National Institute of Biomedical Genomics (BRIC-NIBMG), a part of the Department of Biotechnology.
Public Access and Impact
Under the initiative, each bacterial genome released will be accompanied by a detailed graphical summary, infographics, and genome assembly and annotation information. These resources will provide insights into the scientific and industrial applications of microbes, fostering broader engagement within the scientific community and the general public.
By making microbial genomics data more accessible, the initiative aims to encourage innovation, spark discussions, and drive community-level benefits. This approach ensures that advancements in microbial research benefit the ecosystem and humanity as a whole.
The ‘One Day One Genome’ initiative stands as a testament to India’s commitment to leveraging microbial genomics for addressing environmental challenges, advancing agricultural productivity, and improving public health.
(Input from various sources)
(Rehash/Ankur Deka/MSM)