Azadirachta indica, or Neem, is an evergreen tree with a long history of medicinal use in India. Known for its antibacterial, anti-cariogenic, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory properties, Neem is highly valued in dentistry. Active compounds such as Nimbidin, Azadirachtin, and Nimbinin contribute to its effectiveness. Neem bark is a common ingredient in toothpastes and tooth powders, aiding in the treatment of gum issues and the maintenance of oral health. Neem twigs are traditionally used to freshen breath, relieve toothaches, and clean teeth naturally. Neem, also called nimtree or Indian lilac, has diverse medicinal properties, including lowering blood sugar, modulating immunity, reducing inflammation, and fighting infections. This article explores Neem's historical and scientific significance in dental care, comparing its traditional uses and benefits with modern dental products, and emphasizing its role in preventing cavities, gum disease, and bad breath.
Neem Sticks: Nature's Dental Tool Neem sticks have long been cherished in oral care for their potent antibacterial and astringent properties. Used traditionally, they effectively remove plaque, combat harmful bacteria, and freshen breath. These natural tools not only promote healthy teeth and gums but also offer a chemical-free alternative to modern dental products. Their historical significance and proven benefits make them a valuable asset in maintaining optimal oral hygiene and preventing common dental issues.
Neem (Azadirachta indica) is used to treat a variety of conditions, including malaria, tuberculosis, rheumatism, arthritis, jaundice, parasitic infections, and skin ailments. It is also beneficial for heart diseases, liver diseases, and fungal infections. Neem treats psoriasis, eczema, lice, and ulcers. Its antibacterial properties make it useful in cosmetics for treating acne, pimples, and improving skin elasticity.
Nimbidin, a key compound from Neem seed kernels, along with other active components like nimbin, nimbinin, nimbidinin, nimbolide, and nimbidic acid, contribute to Neem's biological activities. Neem leaf or bark extract, rich in antioxidants, is used in dental care products to enhance the immune response in gums and oral tissues. Neem is effective in treating mouth ulcers, preventing tooth decay, and relieving toothache.
Neem is effective in combating dental caries. Chewing Neem twigs can remove bacteria causing dental caries. Chloroform extract of Neem leaf inhibits Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus salivarius, making it useful in treating cavities. Studies show that Neem-based toothpastes and gels have significant antibacterial effects against caries-causing bacteria. Propanone extract from Neem bark also demonstrates anti-cariogenic properties.
Neem exhibits strong antibacterial properties. Various studies have shown Neem's effectiveness against bacteria such as Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus faecalis. Neem extracts from leaves, sticks, and bark exhibit significant antibacterial activity. Dried Neem sticks are particularly effective against S. mutans.
Neem leaf extracts (ethanolic and aqueous) show substantial anti-candidal activity against Candida albicans. Clinical studies suggest that Neem leaf extracts can inhibit adhesion, surface hydrophobicity, and biofilm formation of C. albicans.
Neem seed oil has been found to have strong analgesic properties, comparable to morphine and indomethacin, providing pain relief within 45 minutes.
Neem leaf extracts (aqueous and ethanolic) are effective in inhibiting S. mutans and E. faecalis, bacteria associated with root canal failures. Neem's antioxidant and antibacterial properties make it a viable alternative to sodium hypochlorite for root canal irrigation.
Neem-based toothpaste and mouthwash are effective in preventing gingivitis and reducing dental plaque and gingival inflammation. Studies indicate Neem mouth rinse is as effective as chlorhexidine. Regular use of Neem products can prevent or reverse gingivitis.
A study in the Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice shows that neem-containing toothpaste significantly reduces plaque and gingivitis. In a randomized, double-blind trial with 30 dental students, clinical examinations demonstrated notable improvements in oral hygiene, suggesting neem toothpaste as a valuable adjunct for maintaining oral health. (4)
Neem's astringent and antiseptic properties make it valuable in dental care. Neem extracts are used in toothpaste and mouthwash to prevent cavities, gum disease, tooth decay, and oral infections. Chewing Neem twigs is a traditional practice for maintaining oral hygiene.
India is a country of traditional medicinal use, which has overtaken the synthetic formulations of drugs. Recent studies have shown that herbal medicine has fewer side effects and indicate that, when it comes to lowering dental plaque in the short term, herbal mouthwashes are no less effective than non-herbal ones. Due to the versatile nature of neem, it is now accepted universally as an effective medicine. Neem (Azadirachta indica, Meliaceae) is receiving more and more attention from researchers who are interested in studying the plant's potential uses as an antibiotic and insecticide. Neem extracts, including those from the seeds, leaves, flowers, and fruits, have demonstrated anticancer and chemopreventive properties in a variety of cancer types.
Dr. Chitra Laxmikant Patil, Assistant Professor at Department of Periodontology, Govt. Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai
Neem leaf extract shows significant antibacterial activity against acidogenic bacteria like S. mutans, S. sanguis, and S. mitis in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances, helping to prevent plaque formation.
Conclusion:
Neem's versatile therapeutic properties make it an invaluable asset in dental care. From reducing plaque and gingivitis to offering effective anti-cariogenic and antibacterial benefits, Neem is a powerful natural solution for maintaining optimal oral health. Embracing Neem in dental products and traditional practices can significantly enhance oral hygiene and overall well-being.
References:
1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4441161/
2. https://www.jrmds.in/articles/utility-of-neem-as-a-herbal-drug-in-oral-diseases-a-review-93786.html
3.
Abhishek KN, Supreetha S, Sam G, Khan SN, Chaithanya KH, Abdul N. Effect of Neem containing Toothpaste on Plaque and Gingivitis—A Randomized Double Blind Clinical Trial. https://thejcdp.com/doi/JCDP/pdf/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1776. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):880-883.
