Kolkata: A complex haploidentical (half-matched) bone marrow transplant (BMT) was successfully performed on a 42-year-old man at NRS Medical College & Hospital’s haematology department. The patient, Swapan Naskar from Howrah, was diagnosed with severe aplastic anemia, a life-threatening condition where the bone marrow fails to produce adequate blood cells. After undergoing the transplant on September 27, Naskar was discharged three weeks later, marking a significant medical achievement.
Although fully matched bone marrow transplants are considered the ideal approach, doctors had to rely on a half-matched donor, as the patient’s 58-year-old brother was the only viable match. The transplant posed additional challenges due to a major blood group mismatch and elevated antibody levels, which increased the risk of complications. Despite these obstacles, the medical team successfully carried out the procedure under the leadership of Dr. Rajib De, making it the first successful haploidentical transplant of its kind in a government facility.
Conducting a transplant with both major blood group incompatibility and high antibody levels is particularly challenging. However, with precise planning and advanced medical techniques, we were able to overcome these difficulties and provide Naskar with a second chance at life.
Dr. Rajib De, Lead Physician, NRS Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata
Dr. De was supported in the procedure by doctors Pravin Jha, Chirasree Sanyal, and Kaustav Ghosh, who collectively ensured the transplant’s success.
Naskar’s condition, severe aplastic anemia, requires urgent intervention, as the body becomes incapable of producing essential blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. While bone marrow transplants remain the most effective treatment, finding a fully matched donor can often be difficult. In this case, the team decided to proceed with the patient’s half-matched brother despite the inherent risks.
The medical team meticulously managed the challenges posed by the blood group mismatch and antibodies, using specialized techniques to prevent transplant rejection and infections. Following a smooth recovery, Naskar was declared fit to return home, three weeks after the procedure. His discharge marks a significant achievement not only for the patient but also for the hospital, as it underscores the capability of public healthcare facilities to handle advanced medical procedures.
Haploidentical transplants, where the donor is only a partial match, are considered highly complex. However, NRS Medical College’s accomplishment showcases the potential of government hospitals to perform intricate medical interventions. Naskar’s case highlights the importance of innovative approaches in hematology and offers hope to other patients struggling with similar conditions.
(Input from various sources)
(Rehash/Ankur Deka/MSM)
