October 6th marks World Cerebral Palsy Day 2024 adopts the empowering theme #UniquelyCP, highlighting the distinct strengths, interests, and personalities of individuals with cerebral palsy, a celebration of determination, and inclusivity. Despite affecting over 17 million people worldwide, cerebral palsy remains shrouded in misconception. Today, we should admire the achievements and triumphs of individuals with cerebral palsy, challenging stereotypes and stigmas. This article delves into the complexities of cerebral palsy, exploring its causes, symptoms, treatment, and the importance of inclusivity and support.
What is Cerebral Palsy?
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological disorder impacting movement, muscle tone, and coordination. The condition results from abnormal brain development or damage, typically occurring before, during, or shortly after birth.
Causes and Risk Factors:
Premature birth
Low birth weight
Multiple births
Infections during pregnancy (e.g., chorioamnionitis)
Traumatic head injury
Genetic mutations
Maternal health conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypertension)
Early detection is crucial. It's the key to unlocking the potential to mitigate challenges.
Symptoms and classification of :
Spastic Cerebral Palsy: Characterized by increased muscle tone, leading to stiffness and restricted movement.
Athetoid Cerebral Palsy: Involuntary movements, loss of coordination, and balance difficulties define this type.
Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: A hybrid form, blending symptoms of athetoid and ataxic cerebral palsy, marked by unpredictable movements.
Statistics:
1 in 323 children born in the United States have cerebral palsy (CDC, 2020).
77% of individuals with cerebral palsy have intellectual disabilities (WHO, 2019).
45% of individuals with cerebral palsy have a college degree or higher (Bureau of Labor Statistics).
The incidence of central palsy surely has been decreasing due to more hospitalized births and fewer chances of hypoxic-ischemic injuries. People with cerebral palsy mostly in childhood face a lot of discrimination based on their physical appearance and leave to anxiety due to this bullying. As they go into adulthood, life challenges due to mental and physical disability make them navigating life more and more difficult. Hence due to these bio-psycho-social factors. They tend to face more mental health issues like anxiety and psychosis, with improvements in disability laws and also accessibility and special schools. Improvement in care and lifestyle can also help with a lot of these factors which are externally causing mental health issues.
Dr Rashi Agarwal, MBBS MD Psychiatry, Assistant Professor, LLRM Medical College, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, Content writer, Mental Health Influencer
Associated Impairments:
Physical Impairments:
Difficulty with mobility (walking, running)
Orthopedic issues (scoliosis, hip dislocation)
Cognitive Impairments:
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Communication challenges
Dysphagia (swallowing difficulties)
Treatment for cerebral palsy:
Medical Treatments
Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy: To manage severe spasticity.
Orthotics: Braces and splints to support joints and muscles.
Therapies
Speech Therapy: Addresses communication and swallowing difficulties.
Recreational Therapy: Promotes leisure activities and socialization.
Emerging Treatments
Gene Therapy: Investigating genetic factors and potential treatments.
Exoskeletons: Wearable devices for mobility and support.
Surgery
Orthopedic Surgery: Corrects deformities and improves mobility.
Neurosurgery: Relieves pressure on the brain or spinal cord.
Future Directions:
Educate Yourself and Others
Learn about cerebral palsy, its effects, and the experiences of individuals with CP. Engage in conversations with individuals with CP to understand their perspectives.
Support Organizations Empowering Individuals with Cerebral Palsy
Donate to organizations providing assistive technologies, therapies, and resources. Volunteer with organizations and spread the word about organizations making a positive impact.
Empower Individuals with Cerebral Palsy
Listen to and amplify the voices of individuals with CP. Provide opportunities for individuals with CP to share their stories and experiences. Support inclusive education and employment initiatives.
Organizations like the Cerebral Palsy Foundation, United Cerebral Palsy, Special Olympics, Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund, and National Organization on Disability work tirelessly to support individuals with cerebral palsy. Their efforts promote inclusivity, accessibility, and empowerment.
To conclude, despite challenges, numerous individuals with cerebral palsy have achieved remarkable success. Their stories serve as inspiration, demonstrating that determination and passion can overcome adversity. In politics and leadership, Steven Davies, an Australian politician, became the first person with cerebral palsy elected to public office. These triumphs demonstrate that individuals with cerebral palsy can achieve great things with determination, support, and equal opportunities.
Let's take these concrete steps to create a more inclusive and supportive world for them.
References:
https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/ncbddd/cp/data.html
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/cerebral-palsy
https://cerebralpalsy.org.au/news-stories/we-are-uniquelycp-get-ready-to-celebrate-world-cerebral-palsy-day-2024/
By Neha Kamble
