Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), primarily diagnosed during childhood, is now beginning to be recognized as a persistent disorder that affects adults too. The influence of social media and the rising suspicions around undiagnosed ADHD among adults are being studied recently. Social media has successfully brought light to the struggles that come with ADHD related to focus, attention, and restlessness, but it has also promoted non reliable sources leading to cases of ill-informed self-diagnosis. A study surveying 1,000 adults found that only 13% of those who believed they had ADHD discussed it with a healthcare professional. This huge gap period between self-diagnosis and medical consultation raises further concerns about illness anxiety, misinformation, and inappropriate treatment modalities.
According to Justin Barterian, a psychologist and clinical assistant professor at Ohio State University, symptoms of ADHD can overlap with other mental health conditions like anxiety and depression. He warns that misidentifying ADHD could lead to ineffective or harmful treatments.
ADHD is characterized by inattentive and/or hyperactive/impulsive symptoms for more than 6 months.
What are the common types of ADHD?
ADHD is categorized into three main types:
Inattentive Type: Characterized by difficulty focusing and being easily distracted, often referred to as attention-deficit disorder (ADD). Symptoms include an inability to follow instructions, and disorganized behavioral traits.
Hyperactive-Impulsive Type: Marked by excessive activity and impulsive behavior. Symptoms include an inability to sit still, excessive talking, blurting out answers, and constantly interrupting.
Combined Type: Includes symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
Diagnosis is based on the presence of severe symptoms before the age of 12 years and symptoms occurring in at least 2 settings, such as home or school, that impair functionality. However, due to its genetic nature, many individuals are diagnosed later in life, often when their children receive an ADHD diagnosis. Treatment options include behavioral therapy, stimulant drugs like methylphenidate and amphetamines, and non-stimulants like alpha-2 adrenergic agonists.
Experts argue that while social media encourages awareness and removes the stigma around child psychological issues, it should not be used as an alternative to medical advice. Only a registered healthcare provider can reach an accurate diagnosis and provide adequate patient-specific treatment.
“Symptoms of ADHD can look different between different people,” Barterian said. “Some people might have more difficulty focusing on lectures or with organization, while others may have more social difficulties with impulsivity and trouble following along in conversations.”
(Input from various sources)
(Rehash/Dr. Chhavi Garg/MSM)
